New ingredient
At the request of several colleagues, we have added 2′-fucosyllactose (2’FL) to the list of ingredients for you to choose from. 2’FL is a so-called ‘human milk oligosaccharide’ and is naturally present in breast milk. Such breast milk oligosaccharides contribute to the development of the microbiome and the tuning of the immune system. These effects are thought to occur in adults as well, and 2′-fucosyllactose has been found to be safe in adults (1). Interestingly, there is preclinical evidence that Akkermansia muciniphila can grow on 2’FL (2-4), suggesting that 2’FL is one of the few compounds that can stimulate this important bacterial species. Akkermansia muciniphila is a bacterial species that is important for health, which breaks down mucin and thus stimulates a healthy intestinal wall and is often greatly reduced in diseases (5,6). It is perhaps therefore not unexpected that preclinical evidence shows that 2’FL improves intestinal barrier function (7.8). Furthermore, there is some evidence from human studies for an effect on anti-inflammatory (9), allergies (10), and respiratory infections (11). Other evidence and information can be found in the description of this ingredient in our system.
Role of gut microbiome in psoriasis
Although psoriasis is known as a skin disease, there are several indications that the gut microbiome plays a role (12,13). This is probably related to the fact that psoriasis has a compromised immune system and low-grade inflammation (14,15). Many of the comorbidities found in psoriasis (such as type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver, depression, cardiovascular disease, and Crohn’s disease (14,15)) are related to the core factors of the metabolic syndrome: systemic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance. The latter is also found in psoriasis (16,17). The gut microbiome is known to play an important role in these underlying mechanisms, including through its effect on gut permeability. This fits with the observation that gut barrier function is impaired in psoriasis (18). All of this suggests that microbiome therapy such as probiotics may be of benefit in psoriasis. Indeed, pilot studies show beneficial effects on inflammatory markers and symptom severity in psoriasis patients (19,20).
References:
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- https://doi.org/10.3920/BM2016.0185
- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12051284
- https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-020-71113-8
- https://doi.org/10.26355/eurrev_201909_19024
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micpath.2016.02.005
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- https://doi.org/10.3390/nu12092808
- https://doi.org/10.3945/jn.116.236919
- https://doi.org/10.1007/s00394-016-1180-6
- https://doi.org/10.1097/MPG.0000000000001520
- https://doi.org/10.1016/j.berh.2020.101494
- https://doi.org/10.3390/pathogens9060463
- https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61909-7
- https//doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061475
- https//doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15071486
- https//doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2015.01.004
- https//doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms7110550
- https//doi.org/10.4161/gmic.25487
- https//doi.org/10.2340/00015555-3305